Textbook in PDF format This book facilitates a deeper understanding of the diverse applications of geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) in land and ocean mapping and surveying across different fields and regions, bringing forward the best practices and innovations happening worldwide. It includes a variety of analytical methodologies used for managing different landscapes and ocean sites and explores how emerging technologies, like artificial intelligence, will shape the future of digital geospatial surveying and analysis. With real-world projects and step-by-step applications, this book helps professionals and students in various fields navigate these technologies effectively and stay current with the latest trends